Insert data to local node only?

  1. need all tables on all nodes.
    They still would be accessible

One option would be to bring a node-identifier into a partition column and then allocate the partitions to the specific nodes. Then you really could have one (partitioned) table that is queryable as single table.

similar but not necessarily the same are hot/cold strategies
also see Building a hot and cold storage data retention policy in CrateDB with Apache Airflow